What a general inspection typically covers
A general home inspection is a visual evaluation of readily accessible systems and components. Inspectors describe conditions observed on the day of the inspection and note items that appear to need repair, further evaluation or maintenance.
- Structure and foundation elements that are visible
- Roof covering, drainage and visible flashing
- Exterior cladding, grading and visible water management
- Plumbing supply and drainage components that are accessible
- Electrical service, panel and accessible fixtures
- Heating and cooling equipment operation
- Interior: walls, ceilings, floors, windows, doors and installed appliances
What is usually not covered
A general inspection is not exhaustive. Items behind finished surfaces, systems that cannot be operated safely, and conditions that require specialized licensing are generally outside the scope.
- Concealed defects inside walls, ceilings or under flooring
- Septic system function and well water quality (separate specialists)
- Radon, mold and air-quality testing
- Code compliance determinations and permit history research
- Predictions about how long a component will last
Using the results
After receiving the report, buyers commonly separate findings into safety concerns, major systems nearing end of life, and routine maintenance. That framing makes negotiation clearer than a long undifferentiated list.
Any repair request must be made and resolved within the timeframes stated in the contract. Sellers are not required to make repairs unless they agree to do so.
Frequently asked questions
- Should I attend the inspection?
- Many buyers attend at least part of it. Seeing systems in person and asking questions usually makes the written report much easier to interpret.
- Is an inspection required?
- It is not legally required, but it is the primary way a buyer gathers condition information during due diligence. Lenders may separately require certain evaluations depending on the loan program.
- Does new construction need an inspection?
- Many buyers of new homes still order independent inspections, sometimes at more than one stage of construction. Builder warranties and municipal inspections serve different purposes than an independent buyer inspection.
Sources & references
Important notice
This guide is general educational information about North Carolina real estate and is not advice for any specific transaction. Details vary by property, contract and market conditions.